撰文:桑妮
美國漫畫年度盛事之一的恩斯納獎(Eisner Award；名字是為了向漫畫大師Will Eisner致意)在5/2號當天公布了2017年的入圍名單。這個獎項經常被戲稱為漫畫版本的奧斯卡，說明了恩斯納獎對於歐美圖文創作者的重要性。美國漫畫創作的分工性質與客群的多元性也反映在恩斯納獎項類別的繁多上；除了針對不同類別的出版品授獎外，編劇、上色師、鉛筆稿、填字、墨印等等都有各自的授獎單元。讀者可能會困惑為什麼DC和Marvel這兩家歐美大廠的出版品獲得提名的比例沒有他們想像中高，但無須為此感到意外，因為美國漫畫龐大的市場、悠久的歷史其實早已足夠支持各式各樣的出版品；而從另一個角度來說，漫畫銷量從來不是看待作品價值的唯一指標。
恩斯納獎從創辦以來就與動漫族群熟悉的聖地牙哥國際漫畫大會(San Diego Comic-Con International，簡稱SDCC)有著非常密切的關係。這個獎項的前身事實上是1985年到87年頒布的克比獎(Kirby Award；名字是為了向漫畫大師Jack Kirby致意)；在當時，克比獎是由一家名為Fantagraphics Books的出版廠商負責，SDCC除了在大會時程內規劃頒獎活動外並沒有多做些什麼事情。克比獎只頒發了兩年，就隨著創辦者Dave Olbrich離開Fantagraphics Books而迎來了終點。為了填補克比獎的空缺，離職的Dave Olbrich與Fantagraphics Books隨後各自開辦了一個新的獎項，從此之後，恩斯納獎與哈維獎(Harvey Award；名字是為了向卡通畫家Harvey Kurtzman致意)就誕生了。恩斯納獎的頭兩年依然是由Dave Olbrich籌畫，但到了1990年以後，因為Olbrich的外務增加，SDCC嘗試與Olbrich達成協議，讓主辦方改由SDCC的內部成員擔任；從此之後SDCC就一直同時肩負著規劃恩斯納獎的實際頒獎活動與獎項評選的工作。
許多敏感的讀者應該能夠嗅出這之中的不對勁：為什麼克比獎結束之後，會演變成兩個獎而不是一個獎呢？這之中的確有一些爭議存在，不過對於這些爭議，本文不預設立場。倒是Dave Olbrich本人曾經在自己的網站上寫過數篇文章回憶當年發生的事情，讀者若有興趣，可以前往一讀。
今年的恩斯納獎最受矚目的創作者並不是早已靠太空歌劇Saga和以及奇幻冒險故事Paper Girls拿獎拿到手軟的編劇Brian K. Vaughan，而是以一己之力獲得六項大獎提名的華裔創作者Sonny Liew。Sonny Liew出生於馬來西亞，後來受教於新加坡，並前往英國的劍橋大學克萊爾學院(Clare College in Cambridge University)攻讀哲學，美國的羅德島設計學院(Rhode Island School of Design)學習插畫。Sonny Liew的入圍作品” The Art of Charlie Chan Hock Chye”(陳福財的美術)由他本人包辦了作品的美術設計與故事，是一本複雜的後設漫畫：作者創造了一名虛構的新加坡漫畫家陳福財，並且透過這名虛構漫畫家被假想出來的一生，以及他那些被假想出來的美術創作，討論新加坡的歷史，以及漫畫藝術在新加坡的定位。該書在新加坡出版時因為其敏感內容而激起廣大的討論，並在美國出版後獲得了熱烈的好評。
The Art of Charlie Chan Hock Chye之外，獲得了次多項提名(四項提名)的作品是Image出版社的Saga以及Kill or Be Killed；兩部作品同樣都入圍了最佳連載中作品、最佳編劇、最佳封面設計與最佳上色。由女作家Marjorie Liu和日裔女畫家 Sana Takeda合作的Monstress同樣有不俗的表現，入圍了最佳青少年出版品，最佳畫家與最佳封面設計。
出版商的表現上，今年的獎項大多由Fantagraphics和Image兩家公司的作品瓜分了，DC、Marvel、黑馬、IDW、阿奇等公司則居於人後。Fantagraphics的作品共獲得了二十項的提名，Image的作品則獲得了十七項提名以及四項分享提名。
以下是入圍名單：
Best Short Story (最佳短篇故事)
“The Comics Wedding of the Century,” by Simon Hanselmann, in We Told You So: Comics as Art (Fantagraphics)
“The Dark Nothing,” by Jordan Crane, in Uptight #5 (Fantagraphics)
“Good Boy,” by Tom King and David Finch, in Batman Annual #1 (DC)
“Monday,” by W. Maxwell Prince and John Amor, in One Week in the Library (Image)
“Mostly Saturn,” by Michael DeForge, in Island Magazine #8 (Image)
“Shrine of the Monkey God!” by Kim Deitch, in Kramers Ergot 9 (Fantagraphics)
Best Single Issue/One-Shot (最佳單回或單一回數作品)
Babybel Wax Bodysuit, by Eric Kostiuk Williams (Retrofit/Big Planet)
Beasts of Burden: What the Cat Dragged In, by Evan Dorkin, Sarah Dyer, and Jill Thompson (Dark Horse)
Blammo #9, by Noah Van Sciver (Kilgore Books)
Criminal 10th Anniversary Special, by Ed Brubaker and Sean Phillips (Image)
Sir Alfred #3, by Tim Hensley (Pigeon Press)
Your Black Friend, by Ben Passmore (Silver Sprocket)
(最佳單回作品封面一覽，順序由左至右)
Best Continuing Series(最佳連載中作品)
Astro City, by Kurt Busiek and Brent Anderson (Vertigo/DC)
Kill or Be Killed, by Ed Brubaker and Sean Phillips (Image)
The Mighty Thor, by Jason Aaron and Russell Dauterman (Marvel)
Paper Girls, by Brian K. Vaughan and Cliff Chiang (Image)
Saga, by Brian K. Vaughan and Fiona Staples (Image)
Archangel, by William Gibson, Michael St. John Smith, Butch Guice, and Tom Palmer (IDW)
Briggs Land, by Brian Wood and Mack Chater (Dark Horse)
Han Solo, by Marjorie Liu and Mark Brooks (Marvel)
Kim and Kim, by Magdalene Visaggio and Eva Cabrera (Black Mask)
The Vision, by Tom King and Gabriel Walta (Marvel)
Black Hammer, by Jeff Lemire and Dean Ormston (Dark Horse)
Clean Room, by Gail Simone and Jon Davis-Hunt (Vertigo/DC)
Deathstroke: Rebirth, by Christopher Priest, Carlo Pagulayan, et al. (DC)
Faith, by Jody Houser, Pere Pérez, and Marguerite Sauvage (Valiant)
Mockingbird, by Chelsea Cain and Kate Niemczyk (Marvel)
Best Publication for Early Readers (up to age 8) (最佳幼兒早期讀物，適合八歲以下讀者)
Ape and Armadillo Take Over the World, by James Sturm (Toon)
Burt’s Way Home, by John Martz (Koyama)
The Creeps, Book 2: The Trolls Will Feast! by Chris Schweizer (Abrams)
I’m Grumpy (My First Comics), by Jennifer L. Holm and Matthew Holm (Random House Books for Young Readers)
Narwhal: Unicorn of the Sea, by Ben Clanton (Tundra)
Best Publication for Kids (ages 9-12) (最佳兒童讀物，適合九到十二歲讀者)
The Drawing Lesson, by Mark Crilley (Watson-Guptill)
Ghosts, by Raina Telgemeier (Scholastic)
Hilda and the Stone Forest, by Luke Pearson (Flying Eye Books)
Rikki, adapted by Norm Harper and Matthew Foltz-Gray (Karate Petshop)
Science Comics: Dinosaurs, by MK Reed and Joe Flood (First Second)
Best Publication for Teens (ages 13-17) (最佳青少年讀物，適合十三到十七歲讀者)
Bad Machinery, vol. 5: The Case of the Fire Inside, by John Allison (Oni)
Batgirl, by Hope Larson and Rafael Albuquerque (DC)
Jughead, by Chip Zdarsky, Ryan North, Erica Henderson, and Derek Charm (Archie)
Monstress, by Marjorie Liu and Sana Takeda (Image)
Trish Trash: Roller Girl of Mars, by Jessica Abel (Papercutz/Super Genius)
The Unbeatable Squirrel Girl, by Ryan North and Erica Henderson (Marvel)
Best Humor Publication (最佳幽默類出版品)
The Further Fattening Adventures of Pudge, Girl Blimp, by Lee Marrs (Marrs Books)
Hot Dog Taste Test, by Lisa Hanawalt (Drawn & Quarterly)
Jughead, by Chip Zdarsky, Ryan North, Erica Henderson, and Derek Charm (Archie)
Man, I Hate Cursive, by Jim Benton (Andrews McMeel)
Yuge! 30 Years of Doonesbury on Trump, by G. B. Trudeau (Andrews McMeel)
Best Anthology(最佳選集)
Baltic Comics Anthology š! #26: dADa, edited by David Schilter and Sanita Muizniece (kuš!)
Island Magazine, edited by Brandon Graham and Emma Rios (Image)
Kramers Ergot 9, edited by Sammy Harkham (Fantagraphics)
Love Is Love, edited by Sarah Gaydos and Jamie S. Rich (IDW/DC)
Spanish Fever: Stories by the New Spanish Cartoonists, edited by Santiago Garcia (Fantagraphics)
Best Reality-Based Work(最佳實事改編作品)
Dark Night: A True Batman Story, by Paul Dini and Eduardo Risso (Vertigo/DC)
Glenn Gould: A Life Off Tempo, by Sandrine Revel (NBM)
March (Book Three), by John Lewis, Andrew Aydin, and Nate Powell (Top Shelf)
Rosalie Lightning: A Graphic Memoir, by Tom Hart (St. Martin’s)
Tetris: The Games People Play, by Box Brown (First Second)
Best Graphic Album—New (最佳圖文小說─新出版)
The Art of Charlie Chan Hock Chye, by Sonny Liew (Pantheon)
Black Dog: The Dreams of Paul Nash, by Dave McKean (Dark Horse)
Exits, by Daryl Seitchik (Koyama)
Mooncop, by Tom Gauld (Drawn & Quarterly)
Patience, by Daniel Clowes (Fantagraphics)
Wonder Woman: The True Amazon, by Jill Thompson (DC Comics)
Best Graphic Album—Reprint (最佳圖文小說─再版)
Demon, by Jason Shiga (First Second)
Incomplete Works, by Dylan Horrocks (Alternative)
Last Look, by Charles Burns (Pantheon)
Meat Cake Bible, by Dame Darcy (Fantagraphics)
Megg and Mogg in Amsterdam and Other Stories, by Simon Hanselmann (Fantagraphics)
She’s Not into Poetry, by Tom Hart (Alternative)
Best U.S. Edition of International Material(最佳國際出版品，以美國正式代理版本為限)
Equinoxes, by Cyril Pedrosa, translated by Joe Johnson (NBM)
Irmina, by Barbara Yelin, translated by Michael Waaler (SelfMadeHero)
Love: The Lion, by Frédéric Brémaud and Federico Bertolucci (Magnetic)
Moebius Library: The World of Edena, by Jean “Moebius” Giraud et al. (Dark Horse)
Wrinkles, by Paco Roca, translated by Erica Mena (Fantagraphics)
Best U.S. Edition of International Material—Asia(最佳國際出版品，以美國正式代理的亞洲作品為限)
The Art of Charlie Chan Hock Chye, by Sonny Liew (Pantheon)
Goodnight Punpun, vols. 1–4, by Inio Asano, translated by JN PRoductions (VIZ Media)
orange: The Complete Collection, vols. 1–2, by Ichigo Takano, translated by Amber Tamosaitis, adaptation by Shannon Fay (Seven Seas)
The Osamu Tezuka Story: A Life in Manga and Anime, by Toshio Ban and Tezuka Productions, translated by Frederik L. Schodt (Stone Bridge Press)
Princess Jellyfish, vols. 1–3, by Akiko Higashimura, translated by Sarah Alys Lindholm (Kodansha)
Wandering Island, vol. 1, by Kenji Tsuruta, translated by Dana Lewis (Dark Horse)
Best Archival Collection/Project—Strips (at least 20 years old) (最佳漫畫合集，以超過二十年以上的條漫為限)
Almost Completely Baxter: New and Selected Blurtings, by Glen Baxter (NYR Comics)
Barnaby, vol. 3, by Crockett Johnson, edited by Philip Nel and Eric Reynolds (Fantagraphics)
Chester Gould’s Dick Tracy, Colorful Cases of the 1930s, edited by Peter Maresca (Sunday Press)
The Realist Cartoons, edited by Paul Krassner and Ethan Persoff (Fantagraphics)
Walt & Skeezix 1931–1932, by Frank King, edited by Jeet Heer and Chris Ware (Drawn & Quarterly)
Best Archival Collection/Project—Comic Books (at least 20 Years Old) (最佳漫畫合集，已超過二十年以上的漫畫為限)
The Complete Neat Stuff, by Peter Bagge, edited by Eric Reynolds (Fantagraphics)
The Complete Wimmen’s Comix, edited by Trina Robbins, Gary Groth, and J. Michael Catron (Fantagraphics)
Fables and Funnies, by Walt Kelly, compiled by David W. Tosh (Dark Horse)
Trump: The Complete Collection, by Harvey Kurtzman et al., edited by Denis Kitchen and John Lind (Dark Horse)
U.S.S. Stevens: The Collected Stories, by Sam Glanzman, edited by Drew Ford (Dover)
Best Writer(最佳編劇)
Ed Brubaker, Criminal 10th Anniversary Special, Kill or Be Killed, Velvet (Image)
Kurt Busiek, Astro City (Vertigo/DC)
Chelsea Cain, Mockingbird (Marvel)
Max Landis, Green Valley (Image/Skybound); Superman: American Alien (DC)
Jeff Lemire, Black Hammer (Dark Horse); Descender, Plutona (Image); Bloodshot Reborn (Valiant)
Brian K. Vaughan, Paper Girls, Saga (Image)
Jessica Abel, Trish Trash: Roller Girl of Mars (Papercutz/Super Genius)
Box Brown, Tetris: The Games People Play (First Second)
Tom Gauld, Mooncop (Drawn & Quarterly)
Tom Hart, Rosalie Lightning: A Graphic Memoir (St. Martin’s)
Sonny Liew, The Art of Charlie Chan Hock Chye (Pantheon)
Best Penciller/Inker or Penciller/Inker Team(最佳鉛筆稿/墨印員或者團隊)
Mark Brooks, Han Solo (Marvel)
Dan Mora, Klaus (BOOM! Studios)
Greg Ruth, Indeh (Grand Central Publishing)
Francois Schuiten, The Theory of the Grain of Sand (IDW)
Fiona Staples, Saga (Image)
Brian Stelfreeze, Black Panther (Marvel)
Best Painter/Multimedia Artist (interior art)(最佳繪畫/多元媒體創作，以刊物內頁為限)
Federico Bertolucci, Love: The Lion (Magnetic)
Brecht Evens, Panther (Drawn & Quarterly)
Manuele Fior, 5,000 km per Second (Fantagraphics)
Dave McKean, Black Dog (Dark Horse)
Sana Takeda, Monstress (Image)
Jill Thompson, Wonder Woman: The True Amazon (DC); Beasts of Burden: What the Cat Dragged In (Dark Horse)
Best Cover Artist (for multiple covers)(最佳封面作者，以多個封面做評選考量)
Mike Del Mundo, Avengers, Carnage, Mosaic, The Vision (Marvel)
David Mack, Abe Sapien, BPRD Hell on Earth, Fight Club 2, Hellboy and the BPRD 1953 (Dark Horse)
Sean Phillips, Criminal 10th Anniversary Special, Kill or Be Killed (Image)
Fiona Staples, Saga (Image)
Sana Takeda, Monstress (Image)
Jean-Francois Beaulieu, Green Valley (Image/Skybound)
Elizabeth Breitweiser, Criminal 10th Anniversary Special, Kill or Be Killed, Velvet (Image); Outcast by Kirkman & Azaceta (Image/Skybound)
Sonny Liew, The Art of Charlie Chan Hock Chye (Pantheon)
Laura Martin, Wonder Woman (DC); Ragnorak (IDW); Black Panther (Marvel)
Matt Wilson, Cry Havoc, Paper Girls, The Wicked + The Divine (Image); Black Widow, The Mighty Thor, Star-Lord (Marvel)
Best Lettering(最佳填字)
Dan Clowes, Patience (Fantagraphics)
Brecht Evens, Panther (Drawn & Quarterly)
Tom Gauld, Mooncop (Drawn & Quarterly)
Nick Hayes, Woody Guthrie (Abrams)
Todd Klein, Clean Room, Dark Night, Lucifer (Vertigo/DC); Black Hammer (Dark Horse)
Sonny Liew, The Art of Charlie Chan Hock Chye (Pantheon)
Best Comics-Related Periodical/Journalism(最佳漫畫相關日誌/報導)
The A.V. Club comics coverage, including Comics Panel, Back Issues, and Big Issues, by Oliver Sava et al., www.avclub.com
Comic Riffs blog, by Michael Cavna and David Betancourt, www.washingtonpost.com/new/comic-riffs/
Critical Chips, edited by Zainab Akhtar (Comics & Cola)
PanelPatter.com, edited by Rob McMonigal
WomenWriteAboutComics.com, edited by Megan Purdy and Claire Napier
Best Comics-Related Book (最佳漫畫相關著作)
blanc et noir: takeshi obata illustrations, by Takeshi Obata (VIZ Media)
Ditko Unleashed: An American Hero, by Florentino Flórez and Frédéric Manzano (IDW/Editions Déesse)
Krazy: George Herriman, A Life in Black and White, by Michael Tisserand (Harper)
The Life and Legend of Wallace Wood, vol. 1, edited by Bhob Stewart and J. Michael Catron (Fantagraphics)
More Heroes of the Comics, by Drew Friedman (Fantagraphics)
Best Academic/Scholarly Work (最佳學院/學術性質著作)
Brighter Than You Think: Ten Short Works by Alan Moore, with essays by Marc Sobel (Uncivilized)
Forging the Past: Set and the Art of Memory, by Daniel Marrone (University Press of Mississippi)
Frank Miller’s Daredevil and the Ends of Heroism, by Paul Young (Rutgers University Press)
Pioneering Cartoonists of Color, by Tim Jackson (University Press of Mississippi)
Superwomen: Gender, Power, and Representation, by Carolyn Cocca (Bloomsbury)
Best Publication Design (最佳出版品設計)
The Art of Charlie Chan Hock Chye, designed by Sonny Liew (Pantheon)
The Complete Wimmen’s Comix, designed by Keeli McCarthy (Fantagraphics)
Frank in the Third Dimension, designed by Jacob Covey, 3D conversions by Charles Barnard (Fantagraphics)
The Realist Cartoons, designed by Jacob Covey (Fantagraphics)
Si Lewen’s Parade: An Artist’s Odyssey, designed by Art Spiegelman (Abrams)
Best Webcomic (最佳網路漫畫)
Bird Boy, by Anne Szabla, http://bird-boy.com
Deja Brew, by Taneka Stotts and Sara DuVall (Stela.com)
Jaeger, by Ibrahim Moustafa (Stela.com)
The Middle Age, by Steve Conley, steveconley.com/the-middle-age
On Beauty, by Christina Tran, sodelightful.com/comics/beauty/
Best Digital Comic (最佳數位漫畫)
Bandette, by Paul Tobin and Colleen Coover (Monkeybrain/comiXology)
Edison Rex, by Chris Roberson and Dennis Culver (Monkeybrain/comiXology)
Helm, by Jehanzeb Hasan and Mauricio Caballero, www.crookshaw.com/helm/
On a Sunbeam, by Tillie Walden, www.onasunbeam.com
Universe!, by Albert Monteys (Panel Syndicate)
資考資料:
https://www.comic-con.org/awards/history
https://funnybookfanatic.wordpress.com/…/the-origin-story-…/
https://funnybookfanatic.wordpress.com/…/the-end-of-the-ja…/
http://www.newsarama.com/34327-2017-eisner-award-nomination…
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